Integrated analysis of communication networks from the IP layer to the physical (optical) layer offers a multitude of advantages over analysis of each separate layer.
Photonic Networks and Systems Optical Core and Submarine Networks

Core Networks
Cross layer optimization
Cross layer optimization
Cross layer optimization
Beyond 100G
High-Capacity Optical Transport Networks
Beyond 100G
Beyond 100G
In the core part of the network, the current challenge is to increase the transported data capacity per wavelength channel to over 100 Gbit/s (Beyond 100G).
DSP
Digital Signal Processing
DSP
Digital signal processing (DSP) in the electrical domain is an enabling technology for coherent optical transport systems. It is employed for carrier recovery and mitigation of linear as well as nonlinear impairments in digital coherent receivers.
