Recent publications

December 2022

A Novel Approach for Joint Analytical and ML-assisted GSNR Estimation in Flexible Optical Network

Farhad Arpanaei, Johannes K. Fischer, Mohammad Behnam Shariati, Pooyan Safari, Mahdi Ranjbar Zefreh, José Alberto Hernández, Andrea Carena, David Larrabeiti

We propose a novel approach to perform QoT estimation relying on joint exploitation of machine learning and analytical formula that offers accurate estimation when applied to scenarios with heterogeneous span profiles and sparsely occupied links....


December 2022

Automated Dataset Generation for QoT Estimation in Coherent Optical Communication Systems

Caio Marciano Santos, Colja Schubert, Carsten Schmidt-Langhorst, Robert Emmerich, Johannes K. Fischer, Mohammad Behnam Shariati

We demonstrate sophisticated laboratory automation and data pipeline capable of generating large, diverse, and high-quality public datasets. The demo covers the full workflow from setup reconfiguration to data monitoring and storage, represented...


December 2022

Demonstration of a Real-Time ML Pipeline for Traffic Forecasting in AI-Assisted F5G Optical Access Networks

Mihail Balanici, Ronald Freund, Johannes K. Fischer, Mohammad Behnam Shariati, Pooyan Safari, Geronimo Bergk

We showcase a proof-of-concept demonstration of a ML pipeline for real-time traffic forecasting deployed on a passive optical access network using an XGS-PON compatible telemetry framework. The demonstration reveals the benefits of fine-granular...


December 2022

Reducing Overhead for Low-Power Optical Wireless Communications

Malte Hinrichs, Volker Jungnickel, Peter Hellwig, Benjamin Poddig

We demonstrate on-off-keying optical wireless transmissions according to the IEEE P802.15.13 PM-PHY, in which we replace 8b10b line-coding by guided and non-guided data scramblers and compensate the remaining high-pass distortions through a...


December 2022

Demonstration of 1.75 Gbit/s VCSEL-Based Non-Directed Optical Wireless Communications With OOK and FDE

Malte Hinrichs, Volker Jungnickel, Martin Schubert, Wen Xu, Ronald Freund, Christoph Kottke, Dominic Schulz, Peter Hellwig, Ronald Böhnke, Giulio Boniello

We evaluate a high power on-off-keying transmitter for non-directed optical wireless communications based on VCSEL-arrays. Error-free transmission after FEC with a net data rate of 1.75 GBit/s is achieved across a distance of 2.5 m with a...


December 2022

Toward AI-enhanced VLC Systems for Industrial Applications

Wesley Da Silva Costa, Volker Jungnickel, Ronald Freund, Anagnostis Paraskevopoulos, Malte Hinrichs, Higor Camporez, Maria Pontes, Marcelo Segatto, Helder Rocha, Jair Silva

This paper presents optimization and deep learning procedures aiming at increasing power and spectral efficiency of visible light communications systems for two exemplary industrial scenarios. We propose a hybrid multi-objective optimization to...


December 2022

Comparison of Uni- and Multimodal Interfaces for Spatial Interaction

David Przewozny, Sebastian Bosse, Detlef Runde, Paul Chojecki, Niklas Gard, Niklas Hoerner

Multimodal user interfaces can provide better solutions, as they combine various interaction modalities to enable more flexibility and naturalness in human-machine interactions (HMI). They allow to seamlessly adapt to user and application...


December 2022

Explaining the Decisions of Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks

Wojciech Samek, Klaus-Robert Müller, Leila Arras, Grégoire Montavon, Ahmed Osman

In this chapter we discuss the algorithmic and theoretical underpinnings of layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP), apply the method to a complex model trained for the task of visual question answering (VQA), and demonstrate that it produces...


December 2022

Beyond Explaining: Opportunities and Challenges of XAI-Based Model Improvement

Leander Weber, Wojciech Samek, Alexander Binder, Sebastian Lapuschkin

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an emerging research field bringing transparency to highly complex and opaque machine learning (ML) models. This paper offers a comprehensive overview over techniques that apply XAI practically to...


November 2022

150 GBd PAM-4 Electrical Signal Generation using SiGe-Based Analog Multiplexer Ic

Jonathan Schostak, Volker Jungnickel, Ronald Freund, Tobias Tannert, Markus Grözing, Manfred Berroth, Christian Schmidt, Holger Rücker

Analog Multiplexers in Silicon-Germanium technology allow increasing the analog bandwidth of Digital-to-Analog-Converters and enable faster data transfers. We demonstrated 4-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) signal transmission at 150 GBd...


November 2022

Selection of XAI Methods Matters: Evaluation of Feature Attribution Methods for Oculomotoric Biometric Identification

Daniel Krakowczyk, Sebastian Lapuschkin, David Robert Reich, Paul Prasse, Lena Ann Jäger, Tobias Scheffer

Substantial advances in oculomotoric biometric identification have been made due to deep neural networks processing non-aggregated time series data that replace methods processing theoretically motivated engineered features. In this work, we...


November 2022

Towards the Interpretability of Deep Learning Models for Multi-Modal Neuroimaging: Finding Structural Changes of the Ageing Brain

Simon M. Hofmann, Klaus-Robert Müller, Wojciech Samek, Arno Villringer, Sebastian Lapuschkin, Frauke Beyer, Markus Loeffler, A. Veronica Witte, Ole Goltermann

Brain-age (BA) estimates based on deep learning are increasingly used as neuroimaging biomarker for brain health; however, the underlying neural features have remained unclear. We combined ensembles of convolutional neural networks with...


November 2022

New Definitions of Human Lymphoid and Follicular Cell Entities in Lymphatic Tissue by Machine Learning

Patrick Wagner, Klaus-Robert Müller, Wojciech Samek, Frederick Klauschen, Arturo Marban, Nils Strodthoff, Philipp Seegerer, Patrick Wurzel, Sonja Scharf, Hendrik Schäfer, Andreas Loth, Sylvia Hartmann, Martin-Leo Hansmann

Histological sections of the lymphatic system are usually the basis of static (2D) morphological investigations. Here, we performed a dynamic (4D) analysis of human reactive lymphoid tissue using confocal fluorescent laser microscopy in...


October 2022

Time Adaptive Probabilistic Shaping for Combined Optical/THz Links

In-Ho Baek, Colja Schubert, Ronald Freund, Robert Elschner, Frederik Bart, Fred Meier, David Hellmann, Andreas Maaßen

We investigate the applicability of PAS for outdoor THz wireless links in simulations with weather-dependent loss models. Link performances are evaluated and optimal shaping entropies are determined to adjust error rates to a given FEC threshold....


October 2022

Edge Cloud based Visual Inspection for Automatic Quality Assurance in Production

Pooyan Safari, David Przewozny, Paul Chojecki, Ronald Freund, Johannes K. Fischer, Mohammad Behnam Shariati, Axel Vick, Moritz Chemnitz

We present a remote quality assurance use-case in distributed production sites that can be realized with the powerful capabilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) combined with real-time video streaming systems and high-speed, low-latency...


October 2022

Ultra-Broadband Optical Wavelength-Conversion using Nonlinear Multi-Modal Optical Waveguides

Norbert Hanik, Colja Schubert, Ronald Freund, Lars Zimmermann, Isaac Sackey, Gregor Ronniger, Tasnad Kernetzky, Yizhao Jia, Ulrike Höfler

Ultra-Broadband Wavelength Conversion is one of the key issues of future optical networks. The physical background of ultra-broadband optical wavelength conversion in a multi-modal Silicon waveguide and methods to optimize its functionality are...


October 2022

Fixed 5th Generation Advanced and Beyond

F. J. Effenberger, D. Hillerkuss, I. Tomkos, Johannes K. Fischer, Mohammad Behnam Shariati, F. J. Effenberger, Yike Jiang, Thierno Diallo, Zhuotong Li, Wenhong Liu, Weizhao Yu, Yongli Zhao, Li Ao, Xiaobo Cao Cao, Qian Liu, Ming Jiang, Jialiang Jin, Junjie Li, Jian Tang, Anxu Zhang, Chengliang Zhang, Dezhi Zhang, Shikui Shen, Yue Sun, Xiongyan Tang, Guangquan Wang, Yuguang Chang, Raul Muñoz, Manny R. Estrada, Jorge Bonifacio, Marcus Brunner, Francis Keshmiri, Hongyu Li, Yi Lin, Xiang Liu, Frank Melinn, Jun Zhou, Qidong Zou, Steven Hill, Lloyd Mphahlele, Evandro Bender, Philippe Chanclou, Gaël Simon, Olivier Ferveur, Luca Pesando, Sandesh Manganahalli Jayaprakash, Marcel van Sambeek, Teun van der Veen, Oguzkagan Kanlidere

One of the overarching goals of the ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) F5G on Fifth Generation Fixed Network is to establish a regular rhythm of evolution for the fixed telecommunications network. So far, F5G has published technical...


October 2022

Towards Trustworthy AI in Dentistry

Jackie Ma, Wojciech Samek, Sebastian Lapuschkin, Falk Schwendicke, Joachim Krois, Lisa Schneider, Reduan Achtibat, Martha Duchrau

Medical and dental artificial intelligence (AI) require the trust of both users and recipients of the AI to enhance implementation, acceptability, reach, and maintenance. Standardization is one strategy to generate such trust, with quality...


October 2022

Federated Learning in Dentistry: Chances and Challenges

Roman Rischke, Karsten Müller, Wojciech Samek, Falk Schwendicke, Joachim Krois, Lisa Schneider

Building performant and robust artificial intelligence (AI)–based applications for dentistry requires large and high-quality data sets. Collaborative efforts are limited as privacy constraints forbid direct sharing across the borders of these...


October 2022

Optical Generation and Transmission of mmWave Signals in 5G ERA: Experimental Evaluation Paradigm

Efstathios Andrianopoulos, Christos Kouloumentas, Norbert Keil, David de Felipe Mesquida, Simon Nellen, Panos Groumas, Lefteris Gounaridis, Christos Tsokos, Tianwen Qian, Herkules Avramopoulos, Adam Raptakis, Nikolaos K. Lyras

We demonstrate the generation, of a mmWave signal via the injection of an optical frequency comb (OFC) into an integrated tunable dual distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser as well as the fiber transmission and the processing of this signal by...



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